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High-voltage bushings and conservator of a power transformer against the sky

Step 1 of 8 · Read

Three labs, three formats, and a unit that changes from one sheet to the next

Reads the lab reports you already receive, with a review before calculation.

What it reads

Values, units, dates and the transformer are mapped from the sheet. Anything the parser is unsure about comes to you first; anything that is not on the sheet is listed as missing, never guessed.

PDF, Excel, CSV and Word reports, scanned sheets, ZIP archives and email files, and photos of a sheet taken on a tablet. One file per upload, up to 8 MB.

A value with a doubt is held until you confirm it. A test that was not ordered stays absent; it is never filled in.

GSU4 330MVA, 17 Jun 2026, example lab reportsDemo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine
Prüfbericht.pdfWasserstoff120 µL/L
gases_Q2.xlsxHydrogen (ppm)120
oil_scan.jpgH2120 ppm
H2120ppm3 sources, 1 column
  • Same gas, three names. Wasserstoff, Hydrogen, H2: one column.
  • Units aligned. µL/L is ppm for a dissolved gas.
  • Nameplate read from the sheet. 330 MVA, 400/21 kV, built 2008.
  • tan δ given in %. Held for you to confirm before any calculation.
  • 2-FAL not on the sheet. Stays missing, never zero.

Row ready for the engine: 17 values read, 1 doubt for you, 1 missing

Step 2 of 8 · Diagnose for the fluid

Two methods, two answers. Which one applies to this oil?

Each sample is read with the methods that apply to its fluid.

Method and standards

DGA Status follows IEEE C57.104-2019 for mineral oil and IEEE C57.155-2014 for esters. Duval Triangle 1 is checked against Triangle 5 and Pentagons 1 and 2, and esters are read on their own Duval Triangles 3, 6 and 7.

Every reading on screen names the standard, its edition and the clause. A method that does not apply to the sample is shown as not applicable, not hidden.

The triangle geometry is the canonical Duval geometry. Normative tables are cited, not reproduced.

GSU4 330MVA, mineral oil, sample of 17 Jun 2026Demo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine
  1. Mineral oilIEEE C57.104-2019 Status; Duval Triangle 1, checked with Triangle 5 and Pentagons 1 and 2; IEC 60599:2022 ratiosthis sample
  2. Natural esterIEEE C57.155-2014; Duval Triangles 3, 6 and 7
  3. Synthetic esterIEEE C57.155-2014; Duval Triangle 3

DGA Status 3 IEEE C57.104-2019

H2 120, CH4 250, C2H6 94, C2H4 800, C2H2 2 ppm

  • Duval Triangle 1T3Thermal fault above 700 °C. IEEE C57.104-2019 Table 6
  • Duval Triangle 5T3
  • Duval Pentagon 1T3
  • Duval Pentagon 2T3-HHot thermal fault above 700 °C, oil only
  • Duval Triangle 4not applicableRouted per IEEE C57.104-2019 Annex D: not used for this sample.
  • IEC 60599:2022 ratiosnot reliableC2H2 is 2 ppm, below the 5 ppm analytical limit (CIGRE TB 771 §2.2). The method stops.

Step 3 of 8 · Oil and paper

Acidity up, water up, furans never ordered. Is it the oil or the paper?

Oil and paper are rated property by property, against the standard for that fluid.

Standards by fluid

Each measured property is compared with the limit of the standard and edition for its voltage class. The paper is read as a degree of polymerisation from 2-FAL, given as an interval.

Mineral oil: IEC 60422:2024. Natural ester: IEC 62975:2021. Synthetic ester: IEC 61203:2025. Paper: IEEE C57.140-2017.

Thresholds depend on the voltage class. The tables of the standards are cited, not reproduced here.

GSU4 330MVA, oil and paper, 17 Jun 2026Demo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine

Also read: breakdown voltage 42 kV, interfacial tension 22 mN/m, dissipation factor 0.024 at 90 °C

  • Acidity 0.22 mg KOH/gpoorOwner policy · IEC 60422:2024 Table 5 and 14.4
  • Water 23 ppmfind the sourceOwner policy · IEC 60422:2024 Table 5 and 14.3
  • Oil overallfairOwner policy · IEC 60422:2024 9.4
  • Paper, 2-FALnext sampleA furan analysis is added to the next sample · IEEE C57.140-2017 5.4.2

Step 4 of 8 · An index with its signature

A score of 37. Says who, and how sure?

Every health index says who signed it.

When the model signs

A score from 0 to 100 in five bands. The model signs a mineral-oil index when the data allows it, with an uncertainty band; otherwise the standards sign on measured values only.

The model signs a mineral-oil index only with all seven gases and at most one oil or age value substituted. Esters are signed by the standards. A missing value is never imputed on screen.

Who signed the indexDemo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine
  • 37.2 ± 6.6PoorGSU4 330MVA, mineral oil · signed by the model, with its uncertainty band
  • 6.8Very PoorEST1 230kV 8MVA, natural ester · signed by the standards, on measured values only

Five bands, one scale. Across its band, 30.6 to 43.8, GSU4 stays Poor

  1. Very Poor0 to 30
  2. Poor30 to 50
  3. Fair50 to 70
  4. Good70 to 85
  5. Very Good85 to 100

Step 5 of 8 · Trend

One sample is a snapshot. When did the reading change?

A new sample changes the reading, and the trend shows when.

How the trend is read

AT2 went from 51.1 to 11.4 over five samples while acetylene rose from 25 to 160 ppm. Each point keeps its date, its band and its uncertainty.

The rate of change follows IEEE C57.104-2019 Table 4, on the last three to six samples within 4 to 24 months; outside that window the rate is not computed and the reason is given.

Only measured values are plotted. After a degassing, the series restarts from the event (IEEE C57.104-2019 Annex B).

AT2 250MVA, 5 samples, 2022 to 2026Demo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine
Index and acetylene of unit AT2, five samples from 2022 to 2026Health index 51.1 in May 2022, 26.7 in January 2023, 32.5 in July 2024, 18.6 in November 2025 and 11.4 in January 2026. Acetylene rose from 25 to 160 ppm over the same samples.05010020222023202420252026Health index51.126.732.518.611.4C2H2, ppm25160
  • Fair
  • Poor
  • Very Poor
  • bars: uncertainty band

Latest sample 21 Jan 2026: Duval zone D2, DGA Status 3.

Step 6 of 8 · Plan by window

It reads Poor. What do you do, and by when?

The plan names the window, the clause and a planning estimate.

Cost and consequence

Actions fall into Now, Within 30 days, Within a year, Next outage and Owner policy. A test that is missing becomes an action to order it.

The cost to act is shown beside the financial consequence of failure for the transformer class, a reference order of magnitude, so the two can be weighed side by side.

GSU4 330MVA, plan from the 17 Jun 2026 sampleDemo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine

Within 30 days due 17 Jul 2026

  • Increase surveillance at DGA Status 3IEEE C57.104-2019 6.1.2.3
  • Investigate the Status 3 readingIEEE C57.104-2019 6.1.2.3
  • Confirm the thermal faultCIGRE TB 962
  • Test whether the oil can be treatedIEC 60422:2024 14.4.1

Owner policy

  • Oil acidity rated poorIEC 60422:2024 14.4
  • Find the source of the waterIEC 60422:2024 14.3
  • Oil rated fair overallIEC 60422:2024 9.4
  • Order a furan analysisIEEE C57.140-2017 5.4.2

Next outage

  • Check the bushingsIEEE C57.19.100-2012 10.3.1
  • Run the electrical testsCIGRE TB 962

In the platform each action also carries a planning estimate in the currency of the country, not a quotation.

Step 7 of 8 · Fleet

Where does your rated capacity sit, and what comes first?

A fleet shows where the rated capacity sits, and what to act on first.

The Fleet Health Report

You build a fleet by hand. It shows the weakest transformers, the MVA in Poor or Very Poor, what to act on and what to watch, and a comparison with peers by manufacturer, age, rating or area.

An A4 report for whoever does not open RONIN: fleet figures, band distribution, DGA triage and one row per transformer.

Field cases, a demo fleetDemo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine

591.5 of 1,116.5 MVARated capacity in Poor or Very Poor

  • Very Poor 261.5
  • Poor 330
  • Fair 125
  • Very Good 400
  • To actVery Poor or Poor
  • To watchFair
  • Peersby manufacturer, age, rating, area

Step 8 of 8 · A report anyone can check

Your manager or your client asks where the verdict comes from

A report anyone can check, and results that stay as delivered.

Delivered results

The Asset Health Report carries a code and a QR. The check page answers without an account, and says when a newer sampling exists.

Analyses already delivered are shown as delivered, with their date, and never recalculated. New analyses show which method produced each number.

Asset Health Report, exampleDemo data. Real field cases, anonymized; results calculated by the RONIN engine

Asset Health Report17 Jun 2026

GSU4 330MVA, 400 kV, mineral oil

37.2 ± 6.6Poorsigned by the model

DGA Status 3, IEEE C57.104-2019

Within 30 days, due 17 Jul 2026

  • Increase surveillanceIEEE C57.104-2019 6.1.2.3
  • Investigate the Status 3 readingIEEE C57.104-2019 6.1.2.3
  • Confirm the thermal faultCIGRE TB 962
  • Test whether the oil can be treatedIEC 60422:2024 14.4.1

Next outage

  • Bushings, electrical testsat the next outage

Scan to check this is the document issued.

Built on what your laboratory already measures

RONIN starts from the reports you receive today, with no sensor to install.

  • What goes in

    Laboratory reports on mineral oil, natural esters and synthetic esters: dissolved gases, oil tests and, when ordered, furans.

  • What comes out

    A reading per method with its clause, oil and paper property by property, a signed index, a plan by window and a report anyone can check.

  • What stays with you

    The decision. Every action comes with its clause and its window; you choose what to do and when.

RONIN Expert In development

An expert, not an LLM wrapper. The language model is only the voice

Every number comes from the RONIN engine, and a deterministic verifier blocks any sentence whose numbers, clauses or sources do not match it.

How you buy

  • Priced per analysis, per year

    One price for the analyses your organisation runs in a year, shared across its users.

  • Fleet assessment

    A paid engagement, agreed before any data is exchanged.

    Ask about an assessment
  • Laboratories, service companies, licensing

    Ways to work with RONIN inside your own service. Terms to discuss.

    Work with RONIN

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